ABS VS PLA: Which is the Superior Option?

When it comes to 3D printing, choosing the right filament is crucial to achieving high-quality prints. Two of the most popular options on the market are ABS filament and PLA filament. Both offer their own unique characteristics and advantages, but which one is the superior option? In this blog post, we will compare ABS filament and PLA filament in terms of their properties, printability, strength, and more, to help you make an informed decision for your 3D printing needs. Whether you're a professional or a hobbyist, understanding the differences between these filaments is essential for achieving optimal results. Read on to find out which filament comes out on top!

Understanding PLA and ABS

PLA and ABS are two of the most commonly used filaments in 3D printing. PLA, or Polylactic Acid, is a biodegradable thermoplastic derived from renewable resources such as cornstarch or sugarcane. It is known for its ease of use and environmentally friendly nature. On the other hand, ABS, or Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, is a petroleum-based thermoplastic that offers excellent durability and flexibility.

PLA filament is often favored by beginners and hobbyists due to its low printing temperature, minimal warping, and pleasant odor during printing. It also produces vibrant colors and has smooth surface finishes, which make it ideal for rapid prototyping and display purposes.

ABS filament, on the other hand, is well-suited for functional parts that require strength and impact resistance. It has a higher printing temperature than PLA, which makes it prone to warping and emits a slight odor during printing. However, ABS is also more versatile in terms of post-processing options, allowing for sanding, painting, and chemical bonding.

PLA: Features and Applications

PLA filament offers several features that make it a popular choice for 3D printing enthusiasts. First and foremost, PLA has a low printing temperature, typically ranging from 180°C to 220°C. This allows for easier printer calibration and reduces the risk of nozzle clogs. Additionally, PLA has minimal warping, which means that it is less likely to peel or detach from the print bed during the printing process. This makes PLA ideal for printing larger objects or those with flat surfaces.

Furthermore, PLA filament produces vibrant and eye-catching colors. This, combined with its ability to create smooth surface finishes, makes PLA suitable for applications such as rapid prototyping and display purposes. Whether you are creating architectural models, product prototypes, or decorative items, PLA can bring your designs to life with its excellent printing quality.

Moreover, PLA is an environmentally friendly option as it is derived from renewable resources. It is biodegradable, meaning that it will break down over time, reducing its impact on the environment. This makes PLA filament a responsible choice for those looking to minimize their ecological footprint.

All summed up;

Pros

• Ease of Printing: PLA is beginner-friendly, not requiring a heated bed, making it easy to handle during printing.
• Biodegradability: Under suitable conditions, PLA is biodegradable, offering sustainability as a material choice.
• Surface Quality & Strength: PLA parts exhibit good surface brightness and possess high strength.

Cons

• Low Melting Point: PLA's relatively low melting point makes it susceptible to deformation in high-temperature environments.
• Limited Resistance: Compared to ABS, PLA has lower heat and chemical resistance.
• Brittleness & Strength: PLA is more brittle than materials like ABS, lacking the ability to withstand high pressure or severe impacts.

ABS: Features and Applications

ABS filament, short for Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, is another popular choice for 3D printing. Unlike PLA, ABS has a higher printing temperature, typically ranging from 210°C to 250°C. This higher temperature requirement makes ABS more challenging to print with, especially for beginners, as it requires precise and calibrated printing settings.

However, one significant advantage of ABS filament is its durability. It is known for its strength and impact resistance, making it suitable for functional parts or objects that will undergo stress or mechanical strain. ABS is commonly used for automotive and industrial applications where strength and toughness are crucial.

Another notable characteristic of ABS is its ability to withstand higher temperatures. It has a higher glass transition temperature than PLA, meaning it can withstand higher temperatures before deforming. This makes ABS suitable for parts that will be exposed to heat, such as household appliances or enclosures for electronic devices.

In terms of finish, ABS filament tends to have a matte or slightly rougher surface compared to the smooth finish of PLA. However, post-processing techniques such as sanding or acetone vapor smoothing can be used to achieve a smoother surface if desired.

All summed Up:

Pros:

• Strength & Resistance: ABS boasts high strength and remarkable resistance to abrasion, heat, and chemicals.
• Pressure Tolerance: It withstands higher pressure than PLA while being lighter and more durable.
• Versatility: Suited for both 3D printing and traditional manufacturing, ideal for diverse applications..

Cons:

• Higher Printing Temperature: ABS requires a higher printing temperature range (typically 210°C to 250°C), making it more challenging to print with, especially for beginners who need precise and calibrated settings.
• Printing Challenges: ABS is harder to 3D print compared to PLA, requiring an additional heated bed due to its higher temperature needs.
• Odors and Fumes: Emitting strong odors and fumes during printing, ABS demands a 3D printer with filtration and a well-ventilated space.

Factors to consider when choosing between PLA and ABS

When deciding between PLA and ABS filament for your 3D printing projects, there are several factors that you should consider to ensure that you choose the right option for your specific needs.

FAQs - ABS vs. PLA

Q: Which is better for beginners, ABS or PLA?

• A: PLA is generally considered more beginner-friendly due to its lower printing temperature and fewer printing challenges compared to ABS.

Q: Is PLA more environmentally friendly than ABS?

• A: Yes, PLA is biodegradable under suitable conditions, making it more environmentally friendly compared to non-biodegradable ABS.

Q: What are the key differences in their heat resistance?

• A: ABS has a higher transition temperature (105℃) compared to PLA (60℃), indicating better heat resistance for ABS.

Q: Which filament offers better surface finish, ABS or PLA?

• A: PLA typically provides a brighter and smoother surface finish compared to ABS, which might require additional post-processing for glossiness.

WRITTEN BY: Jennie Jones